What Does This Mean?

  • David Fairchild
  • Mar 11, 2007
  • Series: Acts

TEXT 

Acts 2:12-41: “And all were amazed and perplexed, saying to one another, ‘What does this mean?’ 13 But others mocking said, ‘They are filled with new wine.’ 14 But Peter, standing with the eleven, lifted up his voice and addressed them, ‘Men of Judea and all who dwell in Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and give ear to my words. 15 For these men are not drunk, as you suppose, since it is only the third hour of the day. 16 But this is what was uttered through the prophet Joel: 17 “And in the last days it shall be, God declares, that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh, and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall dream dreams; 18 even on my male servants and female servants in those days I will pour out my Spirit, and they shall prophesy. 19 And I will show wonders in the heavens above and signs on the earth below, blood, and fire, and vapor of smoke; 20 the sun shall be turned to darkness and the moon to blood, before the day of the Lord comes, the great and magnificent day. 21 And it shall come to pass that everyone who calls upon the name of the Lord shall be saved.” 22 Men of Israel, hear these words: Jesus of Nazareth, a man attested to you by God with mighty works and wonders and signs that God did through him in your midst, as you yourselves know-- 23 this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men. 24 God raised him up, loosing the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it. 25 For David says concerning him, “I saw the Lord always before me, for he is at my right hand that I may not be shaken; 26 therefore my heart was glad, and my tongue rejoiced; my flesh also will dwell in hope. 27 For you will not abandon my soul to Hades, or let your Holy One see corruption. 28 You have made known to me the paths of life; you will make me full of gladness with your presence.” 29 Brothers, I may say to you with confidence about the patriarch David that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day. 30 Being therefore a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that he would set one of his descendants on his throne, 31 he foresaw and spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that he was not abandoned to Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption. 32 This Jesus God raised up, and of that we all are witnesses. 33 Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing. 34 For David did not ascend into the heavens, but he himself says, “The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand, 35 until I make your enemies your footstool.” 36 Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.’ 37 Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, ‘Brothers, what shall we do?’ 38 And Peter said to them, ‘Repent and be baptized every one of you in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of your sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. 39 For the promise is for you and for your children and for all who are far off, everyone whom the Lord our God calls to himself.’ 40 And with many other words he bore witness and continued to exhort them, saying, ‘Save yourselves from this crooked generation.’ 41 So those who received his word were baptized, and there were added that day about three thousand souls.”

INTRODUCTION

As we’ve been looking at the great book of the Acts, I’ve been mentioning a couple of things repeatedly so that we don’t forget the significance of what the great Dr. Luke is telling us through this historical account. 

I’ve said that this is a book showing us that Jesus’ ministry did not stop when He left the Apostles to rise and sit at the right hand of God.  This is significant because if we don’t see that Jesus’ desire as the Head of the Church is to continue what He began, we will miss out on what our primary function is as the Church, and therefore miss out on what Christ as King has called His people to.  Christ came into this world to save sinners (1 Tim. 1:15).  He came into this world to seek and the save that which was lost (Luke 19:10).  He came into this world to save His people from their sin (Matt. 1:21).  He was sent by the Father on mission to the world.  As He ascended to sit upon His throne after His resurrection, He and the Father then sent us the Helper, the promised Holy Spirit, to come and live in us and send us on mission to this world (Luke 24:49).  This activity should be understood as the primary activity of the Church.  Our worship of God fuels our mission because in worship we seek to hear from our God and discern what it is that He desires for the rest of our days.

I’ve also mentioned that this promised Holy Spirit is none other than God Himself who has chosen to come and dwell, not in buildings, but in a people where He will show off the glory of God and empower us to live out our missionary call.  God is the power and authority which we have to go in humility to a broken world in the name of Jesus Christ to bring news to a people who are in desperate need of it.  As we have studied to understand what the Gospel is and what it is not over this last year, we have come to see that the Gospel is not static, it does not simply sit to collect dust, but it is dynamic and moves through our hearts to flood out into this world.  It is important to understand what the Gospel is, but it is as important to see and understand what the Gospel does.  This is the purpose of Acts, to show us what happens when the Gospel and Spirit come together and explode in radical, life- and culture-changing ways.     

I want us to keep this in mind as we look at the first sermon preached by the Church by the Apostle Peter. 

The section we’re looking at is immediately following the incredible coming of the Holy Spirit in power to fill the Church to send her on mission to the world.  This power was demonstrated by a worshipping people who began to declare the wonders of God with wind and fire, which would have harkened back to each time God came to show off His glory and to bring instruction and power to His people in the Old Testament.   

Since this action was on display for all to see, the multitude watching had opinions and questions.  This is what happens when God’s people are empowered by the Spirit and begin to declare who God is and what He’s done.  Verses 12 and 13 show us these responses to the power of God that came upon the Church: 

Verses 12-13: “all were amazed and perplexed, saying to one another, ‘What does this mean?’ 13 But others mocking said, ‘They are filled with new wine.’”

Is San Diego amazed and perplexed by our worship of God?  This is a great question to ask ourselves.  If our worship of God does not illicit curiosity, amazement, confusion, and even mocking, it may be that we are not worshipping our God with the same zeal and fervor that filled the church.  Now I’m not saying that we should expect fire to dance off our tongues and wind to come move us, but what would it look like if our mouths were filled with the wonders of the Gospel in a way that showed God is moving through us by His Spirit?   

Worship is incredibly evangelistic.  Our worship of God on Sunday and throughout the week has a very strong missional quality to it.  It shows the world our view of the worth of God, and it testifies to the wonders of His good news.

Some mocked, some asked questions, but all were amazed and perplexed.  This is pretty amazing.  “All were amazed and perplexed!”  The word amazed meant astounded, blown away, to literally be beside self.  The word perplexed meant they doubted, they had strong questions driven from intense curiosity.  Notice that whether they were blown away in amazement or curiously doubting, they both were asking, “What does this mean?”

This same power spread throughout the Roman Empire in the first couple of centuries and it caused a similar response of astonishment and doubting curiosity.  Naturally, the same question, “What does this mean?” was repeatedly asked by Roman citizens as well as Roman officials.   

Christianity spread like wildfire in the Roman Empire in the first three centuries, even under great persecution.  Sociologists and anthropologists have questioned what caused the success of Christianity in such hostile conditions.  Non-Christian secular academia is interested in this movement because it went against the odds and conditions which were present at the time. 

If you take a history course on Western civilizations, you might be asked to read various essays on why Christianity succeeded.  Some of the conclusions of these writers are pretty fascinating because they understand, perhaps better than most Christians, the significant problems facing the early Church. 

The questions that have boggled them are, “Why did the church spread and succeed?” and, “What then does it mean to be a Christian?”  How could a group of uneducated people, who lived on the fringes of society with essentially no power to speak of, (political, social, economic, or otherwise), in a time of hundreds of differing religions and philosophies, not only succeed but sweep the Empire completely?  Why? How? 

A number of historical answers have been given and are relatively agreed upon which shed some light on the answer, but ultimately they create more problems for sociologists.  They’ve offered three answers for the success of the Gospel and the church: 

    1- Christians died better than anyone.  Historians recognized that Christians seemed to die far better than any other group.  They would be cast into the coliseum for their faith, and instead of cursing the officials, instead of fearfully abandoning their faith, they would sing hymns, praise God, and embrace one another in joy as they were about to enter into the presence of their Lord together.  The credibility of Christianity to the Pagan world was greatly increased in their death because Pagans never saw so many people die with such joy and peace. 

    2- They were more inclusive.  Historians tell us that until Christianity, religion always divided people.  Religions were always geared towards a particular region, race, or socio-economic class.  If you lived in the mountains you worshipped the mountain god; if you lived by the ocean you worshipped the ocean god, etc.  Religions had to do with regions.  Also, they were often race specific.  If you wanted to be a Jew, you essentially swore off your race and participated in the customs of the Jews.  Religions were also class specific.  Many of the different religions in Roman or Greek society were enjoyed and cultivated by specific classes of people.   

    What was so baffling about Christianity was its inclusive nature.  Until Christianity came along, these various beliefs and religions were incredibly divisive and exclusive to race, class, education, and geography.  Christianity broke on the scene and took royalty and slaves and enrolled them side-by-side as brothers and sisters.  This also divided genders since these other religions viewed women as second-class citizens.  Yet here came Christianity which called women to learn and live as partners in the progress of the Gospel.  Women were given back their high value by being shown that they are equal in value and worth because they are equal image bearers of God.  This scandalized many racial groups which had to rethink their view of women when the Gospel broke into their lives.  They had to repent of their mistreatment and low view of women and began to treat them with great value and dignity which was previously unheard of.  Christianity was incredibly inclusive as it bound all these various groups together in Christ by grace.

    Not only did they die better than everybody, and included better than everybody, they also cared better than everybody. 

    3- They cared better than everyone.  We have historical documents which show the amazement of how early Christians cared for various people groups.   

    Christianity spread so quickly because Christians cared so deeply for the poor in their day.  Julian, a Roman Emperor who despised Christians, was frustrated at how well Christianity was flourishing under his rule.  He recognized that the spread of Christianity was due in large part to their radical generosity and hospitality towards other races and social groups.  He wrote to a Pagan friend and devised a plan to emulate Christian charity so they could beat Christians in their care for others.  He attempted to create a welfare state.  He said to his friend that Jews love only the Jewish poor, the Greeks take care of only the Greek poor, the Romans barely take care of the Roman poor, but the Christians take care of them all.  Christians gave their lives and money away and lived simple lifestyles.   They did this out of love for God and so that the message of the Gospel would be unhindered. 

    Julius died and his idea to create a charitable welfare system to stamp out Christianity never caught on.  It was too late, the Empire was infected with too many who had caught the virus of the Gospel of Jesus Christ! 

They died better than everybody, the included better than everybody, and they cared better than everybody, but, thinking historians haven’t been satisfied with these answers because it still doesn’t answer, “What does this mean?”  Or in other words, “Why did they do this?”  It doesn’t really answer the question to simply show what they did.  Historians are amazed and perplexed because there were no models for their behavior and actions.  They not only want to ask what they did but why?  The fact that they died better doesn’t answer why they died better.  They fact they included better doesn’t answer why they were more inclusive.  And, the fact they cared better doesn’t answer why they cared better.

A history professor at Yale by the name of Kenneth Scott Latourette said this:  

    The more one examines the various factors which seem to account for the extraordinary victory of Christianity the more one is driven to search for a cause underlying them all.  It is clear that at the very beginning of Christianity there must have occurred a vast release of energy virtually unequaled in history.  Without it, the future course of the religion is inexplicable.   

Though he’s close, he still didn’t understand the reason for why this occurred: 

    Why this occurred may lie outside the realm in which modern historians are supposed to move.

Now, this is modern history telling us that the answer lies outside the realm of modern historians.  But, we’re not modern historians, so we can simply go to the Scriptures to see what this incredible “release of energy” was. 

Last week we read about the Spirit of God which came down and empowered the church to declare “the mighty works of God” (Acts 2:11).  This week, we want to look at the message which the Spirit of God came to empower, a message which we are told is, “the power of God unto salvation” (Rom. 1:16).   

This passage shows us three things:

    1-The message of Jesus (v. 22-41)
    2-The messengers of Jesus (v. 12-21)
    3-The power of Jesus’ message (v. 37-39, 19-20)

STUDY 

I- The message of Jesus (v. 22-41) 

What was the message of the early Church?  What did the Spirit-filled Church say to the watching world?

Acts is comprised of 19 speeches.  Over 25% of Acts are speeches.  One of the characteristics of the Spirit’s presence is the loosening of the tongue to witness to Jesus’ life and work.  This is one of the favorite roles of the Holy Spirit, to make Jesus known and cherished.   

Why is it so significant to proclaim, announce, or preach this message? 

The Gospel is news about what Jesus has done, not primarily advice about how to live. Why? Because we are saved by grace! News is something that is done, teaching is something you do.  If I have news, I tell you something that has happened. Good news is that you are saved by what Jesus has done.  Why? Because we are saved by grace.  Good advice is that you are saved by following the advice you are about to receive.   

Every other religion is good advice salvation and history is not all that important because you are simply to “do” the advice or teaching.  Christianity is different because it is linked to the person of Christ: who He was and what He did in time/history.  Christianity says that you are saved by what Christ has done, therefore, it is “good news.”  It’s not just moral advice or ethical teaching.  This doesn’t mean that there isn’t any advice or morality, or any teaching for ethics, but that is not the center of gravity and it isn’t the primary focus of the Gospel; Christ is.   

    A. His life (v. 22)

    Verse 22: “Men of Israel, hear these words: Jesus of Nazareth, a man attested to you by God with mighty works and wonders and signs that God did through him in your midst, as you yourselves know”

    Jesus truly existed; He was truly a man.  Why is this so important?  Why does it matter whether or not He really lived and performed these works?  Can’t He just be a good teacher? 

    News means history matters, advice means history doesn’t.  Muhammad, Buddha, or any other world religion can claim miracles by the founder, but it doesn’t really matter whether they happened or not.  You’re not saved because Mohammed moved a mountain.  In Islam, you’re saved by following the advice of Islam which is the five pillars.  Your salvation doesn’t hinge upon whether or not those things happened because you’re not saved by grace but by what YOU do.  But in Christianity, you’re only saved if what Christ did actually happened.  If Jesus didn’t die, didn’t raise from the dead, then you are in your sins because you are saved by grace and not by works.  You are saved by what someone else has done.  This is why it is such good news, because it is in fact “news” about something which has really happened in history that has changed the world forever, and it will radically change your life right now in history if you trust this news.   

    B. His death (v. 23) 

    Verse 23: “this Jesus, delivered up according to the definite plan and foreknowledge of God, you crucified and killed by the hands of lawless men.”

    Why did Jesus need to die?  What does Jesus death say about us? 

    C. His resurrection (v. 24-32) 

    Verses 24-32: “God raised him up, loosing the pangs of death, because it was not possible for him to be held by it. 25 For David says concerning him, ‘I saw the Lord always before me, for he is at my right hand that I may not be shaken; 26 therefore my heart was glad, and my tongue rejoiced; my flesh also will dwell in hope. 27 For you will not abandon my soul to Hades, or let your Holy One see corruption. 28 You have made known to me the paths of life; you will make me full of gladness with your presence.’ 29 Brothers, I may say to you with confidence about the patriarch David that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day. 30 Being therefore a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that he would set one of his descendants on his throne, 31 he foresaw and spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that he was not abandoned to Hades, nor did his flesh see corruption. 32 This Jesus God raised up, and of that we all are witnesses.”

    Does it matter if Jesus really rose from the dead? 

    If someone says that these facts don’t matter, or it isn’t critical whether or not Christ really rose from the dead, what they are telling you is that they believe in salvation by advice or works.  It is a belief that you are saved by what you do, and not by what Christ has done.  Christ is often pictured as a moral example and whether or not He lived is unimportant.  The assumption is that we can follow a mythical example which may or may not have actually existed and through following this figure’s advice we can be like him or have favor with God if we try really hard.     

    D. His exaltation (v. 33-36) 

    Verse 33-36: “Being therefore exalted at the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this that you yourselves are seeing and hearing. 34 For David did not ascend into the heavens, but he himself says, ‘The Lord said to my Lord, Sit at my right hand, 35 until I make your enemies your footstool.’ 36 Let all the house of Israel therefore know for certain that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.” 

    Jesus was given all authority on heaven and earth at His coronation and ascension.  The first command from His lips to His royal subjects was to go and make disciples of all nations, with the promise that now that He is ascended, He will be with them always through the presence of His Spirit (Matt. 28:19-20).  

    E. His salvation (v. 37-39)

    The Gospel is a status you receive now, not just a reward you receive later.  Why? Because you’re saved by grace.  Just like you’re not saved by advice, yet advice is present, so too, you’re not saved by rewards, yet you do look forward to future rewards.  Every religion in the world also believes that you receive a reward later, but what they can’t give you is a promise about your status now.  If you’re saved by works and not by grace, you’re never really sure where you stand.  Your status fluctuates and is dependent upon your performance.  You never really have confidence in your status because your past failures continue to remind you that you will probably blow it again and this causes you to live without any form of security today.  In works-based religions, no one ever really tells you when enough is enough.  You never know!  It’s left to the scales at the end of your life.  You weigh your good deeds against your bad and hope that your good ones are heavier than your bad.  You don’t really have a standing until you die.  Then you know, but it is too late to do anything about it.  Every religion makes you doubt your current status and your condition.   

    In modern Christianity we view the Gospel as our second chance. We think that when we accept Jesus we are getting another pass at life and can try really hard to now live up to what we’re supposed to.  That is not the Gospel!  The Gospel is a change in identity now and forever.  You become something entirely new, not just a refurbished version of a better old you.  If you are saved by grace, you can not maintain it by works.  The Gospel says that you are not only forgiven of your sins by Christ taking your sins upon Himself, you are also given His righteousness and He puts it upon you.   

    Jesus got what you deserved so that you get what He deserved.  Jesus is treated as if He did everything you have done, so that you are treated by the Father as if you did everything that He has done.   

    F. His new community (v. 40-41) THIS WILL BE DISCUSSED NEXT WEEK  

II-The messengers of Jesus (v. 16-18) 

Who did the Spirit come to empower so that this message went out? (Acts 1:8) 

Acts 1:8: “But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you, and you will be my witnesses in Jerusalem and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the end of the earth.”

    Verses 16-18: “But this is what was uttered through the prophet Joel: 17 ‘And in the last days it shall be, God declares, that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh, and your sons and your daughters (irrespective of sex) shall prophesy, and your young men shall see visions, and your old men shall dream dreams (irrespective of age); 18 even on my male servants and female servants in those days I will pour out my Spirit, and they shall prophesy (irrespective of status).’” 

    The fulfillment of prophecy is given in apocalyptic imagery.  It shows us that there will be a universal prophetic ministry by the people of God.  Prophecy in this sense is not telling of a future mystery, but of making God known by His word.  In this way, God’s people are now prophets to the world, just as we are priests and kings.   

    The Holy Spirit comes to God’s people to kindle and make the Gospel burn through us.  Because we know Him, we must make Him known.   

    This gift is given to “all people.”  It doesn’t mean everyone irrespective of their belief; it means everyone irrespective of their outward status.   

    A. Irrespective of sex
    B. Irrespective of age
    C. Irrespective of status

III-The results of Jesus’ message (v. 37-39) 

What happened when the Spirit attended the message in power?  What were the results of this incredible “release of energy?”  

    A. Personal Revolution (v. 37)

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      1. Overthrowing of our hearts (cut to the heart)

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      When the people heard this message, they were cut to the heart.  We are told when the Holy Spirit comes into the world, He will convict the world of sin, righteousness, and judgment (John 16:8).   

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      The word “convict” means to cross-examine until you see your mistake.  The word “cut to the heart” means to be pierced with a blade.  It means a Spiritual cut, to be penetrated by the Spirit.  This is why 3000 people came to Christ that day.   

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        a. What causes the Spiritual cutting?

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          i. They were cut by the truth of Christ 

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            The Spirit first cut comes and makes you think.  These people weren’t thinking.  They were crying out “Hosanna” one week and “crucify him” the next.  When you get cut, you begin to think through the implications of this if it’s true.  The Holy Spirit cross-examined to make them think. 

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            The last people to believe this message would have been the Jews.  They did not believe in the resurrection, or they only believed in a resurrection on the last day.  They also would not have accepted that God would come into creation and be present in bodily form with His people.

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          ii. Peter says in v. 36, “God has made this Jesus, whom you crucified, both Lord and Christ.”

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            This isn’t saying the only the Jews were to blame for the crucifixion.  Peter is saying that we are all to blame for Jesus’ crucifixion.  For 2,000 years the Holy Spirit has pierced hearts to make us all aware that we have crucified Jesus.   

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            Peter knew this was true of Him.  The night that Jesus was taken, Peter became such a coward that he denied Jesus three times.  Luke shows us that the third time Peter denies Him, at that moment the rooster crowed and the Lord turned and looked straight at Peter, and Peter went out to weep bitterly.  Jesus’ face would have been black and blue, beaten and swollen shut because of the blows He received for Peter’s sin.   

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            It is a powerful thing to be pierced by the one  you’ve pierced. 

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      2. Desire to be saved (what shall we do?)

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        i. Repent!  This means to completely change your mind about Jesus.  Then be baptized, which means to submit to the name of the very One we had previously rejected.  This would be a public display of their repentance. 

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          Repentance and faith involve each other.  To truly turn from sin is impossible without turning to Christ in faith.   

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          Two gifts are promised for those who turn from sin and trust in Him, forgiveness and the gift of the Holy Spirit who will now indwell, unite, transform, enable, lead, and empower believers to be witnesses of Christ’s life and work. 

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          This isn’t reserved for only the 120, this is means for all that follow after.  It was intended for subsequent generations to be reached by a missionary people, “whom the Lord our God will call.” 

    Verse 37: “Now when they heard this they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, ‘Brothers, what shall we do?’”

    What does it mean to be cut to the heart?  

    B. Public Revolution (v. 19-20)

    1. Overthrowing the kingdom of darkness

    2. Desire to see others enter the kingdom of light 

The Gospel is a complete reversal of the world’s values, not just strength to live according to the old values.  Think about this in terms of administration, the kind of administration that is present when a president takes office.  The old administration is done away with and a new administration comes in.  The world has its administration and values, and the Gospel brings an entirely new administration, a whole new structure.  In the kingdoms of the world you get in through something of value: either information, money, something you do that is valuable, etc.  The entrance is based upon something you possess which is valuable.  School, work, clubs, etc. all work this way.   Religions work according to the same principles as the world.  They operate in such a way that you have to bring something of value in order to gain entrance or access or favor.  You go to God in religion and tell him you did “X” and now God should give you eternal life or heaven or a blessing.  The Gospel is completely different, because in the Gospel of the Kingdom your entrance is received by declaring bankruptcy.   It reverses the world’s values because you must come to a place where you admit you haven’t lived a good life, you don’t deserve anything.  Why?  Because it is by grace and therefore there is nothing you can do to recommend yourself.  You come to the difficult reality that you are spiritually bankrupt and have no power or value in and of your own resources.  The world tells you to give it something valuable, or to use your influence or power or resources. 

You now take on values that are totally contrary to the world.  You lay down your power, you declare your inability and inadequacy, you realize you’re essentially the walking dead and you can’t do anything to fix it.  God then gives you His power, Jesus’ full sufficiency, His life and it is all by His grace.  You then find yourself seeking out the people that the world shuns, spending your resources on the things the world thinks are foolish, and no matter how intelligent, financially secure, or educated you are, you realize that when you see a homeless person you are essentially looking at yourself apart from Christ.  You are without resources and in desperate need.  Because the Gospel shows you that you must move away from an identity of personal power and admit your weakness.  This changes the way you view those who don’t know Christ and haven’t understood the Gospel.  This also changes the way we view one another as brothers and sisters in Christ.  We realize that we are all recipients of God’s favor and have nothing to brag about, and it causes us to see each other as fellow recipients of God’s goodness and love.  This affects relationships in a major way.  This is how Paul can say in verse 11, “there is no distinction between….” Essentially he is saying there is no difference because we were and are all dead, lost, powerless, and orphaned without the goodness of God found in His grace.  Does this mean that I’m as bad as the worst person on death row?  Perhaps worse!  The difference may only be that he was caught and you weren’t, or that his sin was obvious and yours is hidden.  But through Christ, we are now new, different, changed, and our old ways are long gone. 

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